Glossary
Key terms used across SDASI standards and publications bridging Islamic finance and digital assets.
Core Shariah Terms
Riba — Usury or interest-like returns on money without corresponding economic activity or risk.
Gharar — Excessive uncertainty in contracts or transactions.
Maysir — Gambling or zero-sum speculative activity where one party gains at another’s expense without productive contribution.
Sukuk — Islamic bonds representing ownership in underlying assets or projects with profit-sharing.
Murabaha / Musharakah / Mudarabah — Common Islamic financing contracts based on trade, partnership, or agency.
Digital Asset Terms
Tokenomics — The economic design and distribution mechanics of a token.
Staking — Locking tokens to support network operations or protocol functions, often in exchange for rewards.
Governance token — A token granting voting rights over protocol parameters or treasury.
Stablecoin — A digital asset designed to maintain a stable value, typically relative to a fiat currency or basket.
Real-world asset (RWA) token — On-chain representation of claims on off-chain assets.
Smart contract — Self-executing code on a blockchain that enforces agreements.
DAO — Decentralized Autonomous Organization governed by code and token voting.
Liquidity pool — Pooled capital enabling trading or lending in DeFi protocols.
Yield farming — Strategies to maximize returns across DeFi protocols, often involving multiple layers of incentives.
For precise application of these concepts to certification decisions, refer to the published standards and review methodology.